Theory of Horology

Theory of Horology


Section 5 Mathematical Formulas

5-2 Differential and Integral Calculus Formula

5-2-4 Integral Basic Formula

1.Integral Linearity \begin{eqnarray} \int \{af(x)+bg(x)\}dx&=&a\int f(x)dx+b\int g(x)dx \nonumber \end{eqnarray} 2.Formula of Integration by Parts \begin{eqnarray} \int \{f(x)g'(x)\}dx&=&f(x)g(x)-\int f'(x)g(x) \nonumber \end{eqnarray} 3.Formula of Integration by Substitution \begin{eqnarray} \int f(x)dx&=&\int f(\phi(t))\phi'(t)dt\;\;\;\;\;x=\phi(t) \nonumber \end{eqnarray}